Based on long-term operational feedback and evaluations conducted by the technical engineers of the Environmental Steward Service, the following issues were identified:
1. Reduced nitrification and denitrification rates during the winter and early spring seasons.
2. Insufficient dissolved oxygen in the aerobic section of the biological treatment system, leading to frequent fluctuations in ammonia nitrogen levels.
3. Sludge washout in the secondary sedimentation tank due to the combined effects of high influent flow and low temperatures around the Chinese New Year period.
4. Suboptimal chemical usage and management practices were observed on-site.
5. Original process design failed to meet updated discharge standards since COD, NH₃-N, and TP must meet Surface Water Class V standards, while TN must comply with Class 1A standards.
6. Operators’ competencies were inadequate to ensure the stable operation of the wastewater treatment plant.